- Lesson created by: Elphis

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Language usage:

- English

Hello everybody. Welcome to Japanese language. Here you can learn symbols of Japan and its grammar.

Table Symbols Lessons Usage:

- Lesson 1 - Romaji

- Lesson 2 - 3: Romaji and Katakana and Hiranaga

- Lesson overthan 3 - Romaji and Katakana and Hiranaga and Kanji

Table of contents:

- Alphabet of Japan

- Hiranaga

- Katakana

- Vocabulary

- Lesson grammar

I/ Alphabet of Japan

In the Japanese language, there are four alphabetical:

A/ Hiranaga:

This is pure alphabetical, simple, rounded Japanese symbols developed in Japan, used for writing the words belong to Japan.

B/ Katakana:

Simple, angular Japanese symbols derived from kanji in Japan. Used for writing people name and the word borrowed of foreign language.

C/ Kanji:

Complex symbols originally from Chinese. This is the Japan alphabetical which always used by Japan people.

D/ Romaji

The latin words translation from Japanese symbols.

II/ Hiranaga:

There are 46 hiragana symbols in Japanese, each with a particular sound but with no independent meaning. It has three ways to used:

A/ Creating grammatical structure:

A major function of hiragana is to add grammatical structure to sentences. One way is in the form of okurigana, the hiragana characters added to the end of words to modify meaning. For example, to change the tense of a verb such as "camera" into "kamera".

Hiragana symbols are also used to show the relationship between other words in a sentence. For example, in the sentence below the particle "o" in "piza o taberu" (piza: Pizza, taberu: Eat) indicates that the preceding noun "piza" is the object that was eaten (You will notice that there is no subject in this sentence. So who did the eating? In Japanese is often inferred from the context).

B/ Showing pronunciation:

Hiragana characters are often written next to unusual kanji characters to show their pronunciation in the same way that they have added roman characters to the sentence above. In this case the hiragana characters are referred to as furigana or yomigana. In addition, hiragana is also used to write native Japanese words that have no kanji of their own.

C/ Other uses:

Hiragana are also widely used in books for children too young to be able to read many kanji symbols. They also give a feminine aesthetic to the words of female characters in fiction and video games.

Hiranaga history: N/A.

Hiranaga symbols:

a i u e o

あ い う え お

ka ki ku ke ko

か き く け こ

sa si/shi su se so

さ し す せ そ

ta ti tu te to

た ち つ て と

na ni nu ne no

な に ぬ ね の

ha hi hu/fu he ho

は ひ ふ へ ほ

ma mi mu me mo

ま み む め も

ya yu yo

や ゆ よ

ra ri ru re ro

ら り る れ ろ

n/m

ん

wa wi* we* wo**

わ ゐ ゑ を

*Hiranaga obsolet

***を ("wo") sounds like お ("o"), but in practice it is rarely used except as necessary.

-----------------------------------

Diphthongs and silent vowels

-----------------------------------

ga gi gu ge go

が ぎ ぐ げ ご

za zi/ji zu ze zo

ざ じ ず ぜ ぞ

da di(ji) du de do

だ ぢ づ で ど

ba bi bu be bo

ば び ぶ べ ぼ

pa pi pu pe po

ぱ ぴ ぷ ぺ ぽ

kya kyu kyo

きゃ きゅ きょ

shu sho

しゅ しょ

nyu nyo

にゅ にぃ

hyu hyo

ひゅ ひょ

myu myo

みょ みょ

ryu ryo

りゅ りょ

gyu gyo

ぎゅ ぎょ

byu byo

びゅ びょ

pyu pyo

ぴゅ ぴょ

-

ー

.

。

== Hiragana on encoding Unicode ==

In Unicode, the character Hiragana script from U +3040 to U +309 F

|| 0 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6 || 7 || 8 || 9 || A || B || C || D || E || F

U+304x

| ぀ || ぁ || あ || ぃ || い || ぅ || う || ぇ

| え || ぉ || お || か || が || き || ぎ || く

U+305x

| ぐ || け || げ || こ || ご || さ || ざ || し

| じ || す || ず || せ || ぜ || そ || ぞ || た

! U+306x

| だ || ち || ぢ || っ || つ || づ || て || で

| と || ど || な || に || ぬ || ね || の || は

U+307x

| ば || ぱ || ひ || び || ぴ || ふ || ぶ || ぷ

| へ || べ || ぺ || ほ || ぼ || ぽ || ま || み

|-

! U+308x

| む || め || も || ゃ || や || ゅ || ゆ || ょ

| よ || ら || り || る || れ || ろ || ゎ || わ

|-

U+309x

| ゐ || ゑ || を || ん || ゔ || ゕ || ゖ || ゗

| ゘ || ゙ || ゚ || ゛ || ゜ || ゝ || ゞ || ゟ

III/ Katakana:

Like Hiranaga: There are 46 katakana symbols in Japanese. Only used for writing people name and the word borrowed of foreign language.

Katakana history: N/A

Katakana symbols:

a i u e o

ア イ ウ エ オ

ka ki ku ke ko

カ キ ク ケ コ

sa si/shi su se so

サ シ ス セ ソ

ta ti tu te to

タ チ ツ テ ト

na ni nu ne no

ナ ニ ヌ ネ ノ

ha hi hu/fu he ho

ハ ヒ フ ヘ ホ

ma mi mu me mo

マ ミ ム メ モ

ya yu yo

ヤ ユ ヨ

ra ri ru re ro

ラ リ ル レ ロ

n/m

ン

wa we wi wo*

ワ ヰ ヱ ヲ

*ヲ ("wo") sounds like オ ("o"), but in practice it is rarely used except as necessary represented hiragana corresponding by the katakana.

-----------------------------------

Diphthongs and silent vowels

-----------------------------------

ga gi gu ge go

ガ ギ グ ゲ ゴ

za zi/ji zu ze zo

ザ ジ ズ ゼ ゾ

da di(ji) du de do

ダ ヂ ヅ デ ド

ba bi bu be bo

バ ビ ブ ベ ボ

pa pi pu pe po

パ ピ プ ペ ポ

kya kyu kyo

キャ キュ キョ

sha shu sho

シャ シュ ショ

nya nyu nyo

ニャ ニュ ニョ

hya hyu hyo

ヒャ ヒュ ヒョ

mya myu myo

ミャ ミュ ミョ

rya ryu ryo

リャ リュ リョ

gya gyu gyo

ギャ ギュ ギョ

bya byu byo

ビャ ビュ ビョ

pya pyu pyo

ピャ ピュ ピョ

ja ju jo

ジャ ジュ ジョ

(ヂャ) (ヂュ) (ヂョ)

-

ー

.

。

-----------------------------------

---Katakana obsolete---

-----------------------------------

vya vyu vyo

ヴャ ヴュ ヴョ

tyu fyu dyu

テュ フュ デュ

va vi vu ve vo

ヴァ ヴィ ヴ ヴェ ヴォ

she je che

シェ ジェ チェ

wi kwi gwi

ウィ クィ グィ

tsa tsi tse tso

ツァ ツィ ツェ ツォ

si zi

スィ ズィ

ti tu

ティ トゥ

di du

ディ ドゥ

fa fi fe fo

ファ フィ フェ フォ

yi ye

?? イェ

wi wu we wo

ウィ ウェ ウォ

kwa kwu kwe kwo

(クヮ) クァ クィ クェ クォ

gwa gwu gwe gwo

(グヮ) グァ グィ グェ グォ

cha chu cho

チャ チュ チョ

-----------------------------------

== Katakana on encoding Unicode ==

Very very complex, the best way is forget about it , but if you want to know, send me a messages :)...

IV/ Vocabulary:

1 - Hajimema*** e- Hello ( Say this word when you meet them the first time) ( bowed gently when you saying this word)

- Ohayô (ô = ou) gozaimasu - Good morning

- Konnichi wa (Noticed: "wa" (わ) is not "wa" (わ) symbols, it's ha (は), but it must be read as "wa", "ha" (は) stressed for the word, which standing behind it.

- Konban wa - Good evening ("wa" like "wa" on "Konnichi wa")

- Oyasuminasai - Good night

- Arigatô (ô = ou) gozaimasu - Thank so much

(Arigatô = Thank)

- Dômo (ô = ou) Sumimasen - Sorry so much

(Sumimasen/Gomennasai = Sorry)

- Kudasai - Please

- Sayonara - Good bye

- Yoroshiku Onegaishimasu - Nice to meet you ( bowed gently when you saying this word)

- Wakarishimasu - Understand

- Watashi/Boku ( Often used by the boys )/ Atashi ( Often used by the girls ) - I/Me

- Tadaima - I'm home

- Matte - Wait!

- Daijôbu (ô = ou) - Fine

V/ Grammars lesson:

Let's take a look here:

--------------------------

El: Hajimema*** e, watashi wa Elphis desu.

Ha: Hajimemashte, Harumi desu.

El: Yoroshiku onegaishimasu ^^

Ha: Yoroshiku.

---------------------------

El: Hello, i'm Elphis (My name is Elphis)

Ha: Hi there !, i'm Harumi (My name is Harumi)

El: Nice to meet you ^^

Ha: Nice to meet you too!!

You must introduce yourself before asking others.

When you want to introduce yourself, you must using struct:

- Watashi wa [Your name] desu*.

*Struct showing your job is:

- Watashi wa [ Your job] desu

But if you answer after someone have completed introducing, you just using struct:

- [Your name] desu

--------------------------------------

El: Jâ (â = aa), Isshoni ryokoo o ikimasen ka!

Ha: Yukô!! (ô = ou)

Ha: Nihon e yôkoso (ô = ou)

El: Arigatô ^^

-------------------------

El: Alright then, can we go now ?

Ha: Let's go!!!

Ha: Welcome to Japan!!!

El: Thanks ^^

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Lesson 1 end !!!!

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Lesson coming: 2

Lesson 2 table of contents:

- New adventure of Elphis and Harumi

- Vocabulary

- Lesson Grammar

- Kanji

- Exercise

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